《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(6): 1038-1044

幼果期喷钙对‘黄金梨’采后果实贮藏性能的影响

周君, 肖伟, 陈修德, 张泽杰, 文滨滨, 宋文亮, 高东升^*, 李玲^*

山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心, 山东泰安271018

通信作者：高东升；E-mail: dsgao@sdau.edu.cn, lilingsdau@163.com

摘　要：

以‘黄金梨’ (Pyrus pyrifolia cv. ‘Whangkeumbae’)为试材, 研究幼果期喷0.5%氨基酸钙和0.5%硝酸钙对套袋果实采后相关生理指标的影响, 旨在为延长‘黄金梨’果实贮藏期提供理论依据及技术途径。结果表明, 在‘黄金梨’幼果期喷钙可以有效保持贮藏期间果实硬度, 降低乙烯释放量; 减少丙二醛(MDA)含量的积累, 提高过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性; 两种钙处理均可以增加贮藏期‘黄金梨’果实中原果胶含量, 降低可溶性果胶含量, 对多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)和纤维素酶活性有明显的抑制作用, 改善了果实的贮藏性能。两种喷钙处理中, 氨基酸钙的综合效果优于硝酸钙。因此, 在幼果期喷钙(尤其是氨基酸钙)是有效延缓采后‘黄金梨’果实衰老、提升贮藏性能的重要措施, 具有较高的应用价值。

关键词：钙; ‘黄金梨’; 贮藏性能; 抗氧化酶; 细胞壁水解酶

收稿：2018-02-09   修定：2018-05-21

资助：梨优质高效生产关键技术集成示范与推广项目(2014BAD-16B03-4)和山东省现代农业产业技术体系果品创新团队项目(SDAIT-06-01)。

Effects of spraying calcium on the postharvest storability of ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear during young fruit period

ZHOU Jun, XIAO Wei, CHEN Xiu-De, ZHANG Ze-Jie, WEN Bin-Bin, SONG Wen-Liang, GAO Dong-Sheng^*, LI Ling^*

College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Taian, Shandong 271018, China

Corresponding author: GAO Dong-Sheng; E-mail: dsgao@sdau.edu.cn, lilingsdau@163.com

Abstract:

The effects of spraying calcium amino acid and calcium nitrate on some postharvest physiological indexes of bagging ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) during young fruit period were investigated to provide the theoretical basis and technological approach for prolonging the fruit storage time. The results showed that pear fruit firmness could be maintained, the ethylene production and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation were obviously reduced after spraying calcium on ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear trees during young fruit period, while catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were increased. Both of the calcium treatments increased proto pectin content and decreased soluble pectin content in ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear during storage. Meanwhile, the activities of polygalacturonase (PG) and cellulose under different treatments of calcium were decreased significantly. In both calcium treatments, the storability of ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear fruit was significantly improved, and the amino acid calcium treatment had better integrative effects than those of calcium nitrate. Therefore, spraying calcium (especially amino acid calcium) on ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear trees during young fruit period is an important approach to delay the senescence and improve the storability of the harvested fruits, which can be applied and promoted in production.

Key words: calcium; ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear; storability; antioxidant enzyme; cell wall hydrolase